Question 1

Central, or extrinsic, control of the cardiovascular system occurs through the action of which of the following?
I.autonomic nervous system
II.circulating humoral agents
III.local metabolites

Accepted Answer

A)  I, II, and III
B)  II and III
C)  III
D)  I and IIE) C) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 2

Narrowing of the mitral valve (mitral stenosis)  results in which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  increased afterload on left ventricle
B)  increased preload on right ventricle
C)  increased pulmonary congestion
D)  systemic hypertensionE) None of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 3

What are the first arteries to branch off the ascending aorta?

Accepted Answer

A)  brachiocephalic
B)  carotid
C)  coronary
D)  subclavianE) B) and C)
F) C) and D)

Question 4

Which of the following formulas is used to calculate the total amount of blood pumped by the heart per minute, or cardiac output?

Accepted Answer

A)  blood pressure * SV
B)  rate * SV
C)  SV / rate
D)  SV * vascular resistanceE) C) and D)
F) B) and D)

Question 5

Opening of the semilunar valves occurs when which of the following occurs?

Accepted Answer

A)  The pressures in the arteries exceed those in the ventricles.
B)  The pressures in the atria exceed those in the ventricles.
C)  The pressures in the ventricles exceed those in the aorta and pulmonary artery.
D)  The pressures in the ventricles exceed those in the atria.E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 6

What makes it impossible for myocardium to go into tetany?

Accepted Answer

A)  absolute refractory period
B)  automaticity
C)  cardiac myofibrils
D)  intercalated discsE) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 7

During the later stages of ventricular relaxation, the pressures in their chambers drop below those in the atria. This results in which of the following?
I.rapid drop in atrial pressures
II.opening of the atrioventricular valves
III.rapid ventricular filling
IV.V pressure wave

Accepted Answer

A)  II and III
B)  I and II
C)  I, II, III, and IV
D)  II, III, and IVE) All of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 8

Which portion of the nervous system is mainly responsible for the central control of the blood flow?

Accepted Answer

A)  higher brain centers
B)  parasympathetic nervous system
C)  somatic (voluntary)  nervous system
D)  sympathetic nervous systemE) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Question 9

Mixing of venous blood with arterial blood (a right-to-left shunt)  occurs normally because of which of the following?
I.congenital cardiac defects
II.bronchial venous drainage
III.thebesian venous drainage in the heart

Accepted Answer

A)  I, II, and III
B)  II and III
C)  I only
D)  II onlyE) A) and D)
F) C) and D)

Question 10

Which of the following would have a negative impact on cardiac contractility?
I.acidosis
II.digitalis
III.hypoxia
IV.norepinephrine

Accepted Answer

A)  I, II, and III
B)  II and IV
C)  IV only
D)  I and IIIE) B) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 11

Most of the muscle mass of the heart is located in which chamber?

Accepted Answer

A)  left atrium (L
A)  
B)  left ventricle (LV) 
C)  right atrium (R
A)  
D)  right ventricle (RV) E) A) and C)
F) B) and C)

Question 12

What is the ability of myocardial tissue to propagate electrical impulses?

Accepted Answer

A)  automaticity
B)  conductivity
C)  contractility
D)  excitabilityE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 13

Which of the following statements is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  Pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR)  is equal to systemic resistance.
B)  Pulmonary vasculature is a high-pressure, high-resistance circulation.
C)  Systemic vascular resistance (SVR)  is less than PVR.
D)  SVR is normally approximately 10 times higher than PVR.E) B) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 14

What does the Frank-Starling law of the heart state?

Accepted Answer

A)  The less cardiac fibers stretch, the greater is the stroke volume.
B)  The more cardiac fibers stretch, the greater the stroke volume.
C)  The more cardiac fibers stretch, the greater the heart rate.
D)  The more cardiac fibers stretch, the less the stroke volume.E) None of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 15

What is the affect on the cardiovascular medullary centers when the cerebral carbon dioxide is low?

Accepted Answer

A)  excitatory
B)  inhibitory
C)  no affectD) A) and B)
E) None of the above

Question 16

Variations in blood flow to the heart are governed primarily by which of the following?
I.local metabolic control mechanisms
II.local myogenic control mechanisms
III.central neural innervation

Accepted Answer

A)  I, II, and III
B)  II and II
C)  I only
D)  I and IIIE) A) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 17

Toward the end of systole, as repolarization starts (indicated by the T wave) , the ventricles begin to relax. Which of the following will occur next?

Accepted Answer

A)  rapid rise in ventricular pressures
B)  arterial pressures exceed ventricular pressures
C)  closure of the atrioventricular valves
D)  opening of semilunar valvesE) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Question 18

Mean arterial blood pressure can be regulated by changing which of the following?
I.capacity of the circulatory system
II.effective volume of circulating blood
III.tone of the capacitance vessels (veins)

Accepted Answer

A)  I and II
B)  II
C)  I, II, and III
D)  IIIE) A) and D)
F) C) and D)

Question 19

The mitral (bicuspid)  valve does which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  prevents atrial backflow during ventricular contraction
B)  separates the right atrium and the left atrium
C)  separates the right atrium and the right ventricle
D)  separates the right ventricle and the pulmonary arteryE) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 20

During exercise, cardiac output increases dramatically, but mean arterial blood pressure rises very little. Why is this so?

Accepted Answer

A)  Venules constrict, increasing vascular resistance.
B)  Arterioles dilate, decreasing vascular capacity.
C)  Arterioles constrict, increasing vascular resistance.
D)  Muscle vessels dilate, increasing vascular capacity.E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Exam 9: The Cardiovascular System

Narrowing of the mitral valve (mitral stenosis) results in which of the following?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Variations in blood flow to the heart are governed primarily by which of the following? I.local metabolic control mechanisms II.local myogenic control mechanisms III.central neural innervation

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which portion of the nervous system is mainly responsible for the central control of the blood flow?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is the affect on the cardiovascular medullary centers when the cerebral carbon dioxide is low?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

During exercise, cardiac output increases dramatically, but mean arterial blood pressure rises very little. Why is this so?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Central, or extrinsic, control of the cardiovascular system occurs through the action of which of the following? I.autonomic nervous system II.circulating humoral agents III.local metabolites

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Mean arterial blood pressure can be regulated by changing which of the following? I.capacity of the circulatory system II.effective volume of circulating blood III.tone of the capacitance vessels (veins)

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The mitral (bicuspid) valve does which of the following?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What are the first arteries to branch off the ascending aorta?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

During the later stages of ventricular relaxation, the pressures in their chambers drop below those in the atria. This results in which of the following? I.rapid drop in atrial pressures II.opening of the atrioventricular valves III.rapid ventricular filling IV.V pressure wave

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is the ability of myocardial tissue to propagate electrical impulses?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Opening of the semilunar valves occurs when which of the following occurs?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Toward the end of systole, as repolarization starts (indicated by the T wave) , the ventricles begin to relax. Which of the following will occur next?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following would have a negative impact on cardiac contractility? I.acidosis II.digitalis III.hypoxia IV.norepinephrine

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Mixing of venous blood with arterial blood (a right-to-left shunt) occurs normally because of which of the following? I.congenital cardiac defects II.bronchial venous drainage III.thebesian venous drainage in the heart

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements is true?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following formulas is used to calculate the total amount of blood pumped by the heart per minute, or cardiac output?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What does the Frank-Starling law of the heart state?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What makes it impossible for myocardium to go into tetany?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Most of the muscle mass of the heart is located in which chamber?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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