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groups of consumers motivated by __________ are those who are guided by knowledge and principle.


A) ideals
B) achievement
C) self-expression
D) rewards
E) success

F) D) and E)
G) C) and D)

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  TAG Heuer Ad -TAG Heuer (see the ad above) uses a(n) __________ like Maria Sharapova to promote its watches,it believes she is an opinion leader who can influence the purchase decision of its target market. A)  spokesperson B)  product champion C)  innovator D)  BzzAgent E)  rainmaker TAG Heuer Ad -TAG Heuer (see the ad above) uses a(n) __________ like Maria Sharapova to promote its watches,it believes she is an opinion leader who can influence the purchase decision of its target market.


A) spokesperson
B) product champion
C) innovator
D) BzzAgent
E) rainmaker

F) B) and D)
G) None of the above

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Interpreting information so that it is consistent with one's attitudes and beliefs is referred to as


A) selective retention.
B) selective comprehension.
C) selective exposure.
D) selective analysis.
E) stimulus discrimination.

F) A) and B)
G) C) and D)

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Which problem solving variation would normally be used to purchase items such as cereal or laundry detergent?


A) limited problem solving
B) extended problem solving
C) routine problem solving
D) situational problem solving
E) integrated problem solving

F) B) and C)
G) A) and D)

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person's occupation,source of income (not level of income) ,and education determine his or her


A) personal reference group.
B) market segment.
C) social class.
D) role in family decision making.
E) VALS segment.

F) None of the above
G) A) and B)

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Marketers use three approaches to try to change consumer attitudes toward products and brands: (1) __________; (2) changing the perceived importance of attributes; and (3) adding new attributes to the product.


A) reinforcing the consumers' sense of self confidence in making wise purchase decisions
B) actively educating consumers about the product's competitive advantages
C) refocusing a consumer's attention from one attribute to another
D) changing beliefs about the extent to which a brand has certain attributes
E) denigrating the attributes of competitors' products

F) C) and D)
G) B) and D)

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Because the average consumer operates in a complex environment,the human brain attempts to organize and interpret information with a process referred to as


A) selective retention.
B) selective attention.
C) selective exposure.
D) selective perception.
E) stimulus discrimination.

F) A) and B)
G) B) and E)

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Which of the following statements about how women buy cars today is most accurate?


A) Women are more concerned with features that would help survive an accident; men are more concerned with features that would help avoid an accident.
B) Women have definite likes or dislikes when buying a car, but they don't feel comfortable expressing their opinions.
C) When it comes to the actual purchase process, women are more adept negotiators than men.
D) Women care more about exterior styles and lines and men are more concerned with cargo space and gas mileage.
E) Women usually shop one dealership before making a decision and men usually shop three.

F) B) and D)
G) All of the above

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the United States,there are two major political parties whose members disagree with each other on a variety of issues.Both Republicans and Democrats view one another as being part of a(n) _________ group.


A) membership
B) aspiration
C) dissociative
D) reference
E) involvement

F) C) and D)
G) A) and B)

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Women influence what percentage of new car-buying decisions?


A) 15 percent
B) 20 percent
C) 40 percent
D) 60 percent
E) 80 percent

F) B) and E)
G) B) and D)

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Ruth,who has no children,wants to buy a special baby gift for her best friend's baby shower,which is this evening.Since she won't have any time between work and the baby shower,she must go today during her lunch break.She is planning on taking her sister with her to help make the selection.Ruth knows she will be ready to buy every baby-oriented product she sees because she wishes that she too was having a baby.Identify each of the situational influences that are described above.Which situational influence was not described?

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The purchase of a special baby gift for ...

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automobile dealerships employ a non-negotiable or "no haggle" price strategy to sell their cars.A customer who wants to buy a new or used car would pay the posted price.These dealers probably adopted this pricing policy because


A) the industry was discussing the abandonment of self-regulation practices.
B) women have an intense dislike of price negotiation, yet still want to buy a car.
C) many recent immigrants into the United States were not accustomed to negotiation.
D) women distrust men in general and car salesmen in particular.
E) a sluggish economy guaranteed that negotiations would produce a less than adequate return on investment.

F) A) and B)
G) B) and C)

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Betty Crocker repeatedly advertises that baking a cake from one of its mixes tastes just like homemade,it is influencing which type of learning?


A) stimulus discrimination
B) cognitive learning
C) brand loyalty
D) stimulus generalization
E) behavioral learning

F) A) and C)
G) A) and B)

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Elizabeth Sands has decided to purchase a new electric blender and plans to call several friends for updated information about alternative brands.She is not concerned about where she buys it as long as she receives a very liberal return policy should anything go wrong.In making her decision,Elizabeth will engage in which of the following problem solving variations?


A) limited problem solving
B) extended problem solving
C) routine problem solving
D) alternative problem solving
E) integrated problem solving

F) A) and C)
G) A) and E)

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influences can have an impact on a consumer's purchase decision process,which are purchase task,social surroundings,physical surroundings,temporal effects,and antecedent states.These are referred to as


A) marketing mix influences.
B) situational influences.
C) psychological influences.
D) sociocultural influences.
E) evaluative criteria.

F) A) and B)
G) C) and E)

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reference group to which a person actually belongs is referred to as a(n) __________ group.


A) primary
B) membership
C) aspiration
D) dissociative
E) integrated

F) A) and D)
G) A) and B)

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Ducti is a small company that manufacturers duct-tape wallets.Ducti founder,David Pippenger,discovered there is a large demand for the wallets and watches that Ducti sells.In fact,its product line has expanded to include bags as well.Clearly,some consumers have a favorable evaluation of Ducti products.To have a favorable evaluation,consumers must first


A) experience problem recognition.
B) consult a public source of information.
C) consult a personal source of information.
D) make a purchase decision.
E) experience cognitive dissonance.

F) All of the above
G) A) and D)

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high-involvement purchases,consumers typically do all of the following EXCEPT:


A) consider many product attributes.
B) participate in word-of-mouth communication.
C) consider few sellers.
D) consider many brands.
E) engage in extensive information search.

F) D) and E)
G) A) and B)

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external search for product information is especially important when


A) the cost of gathering information is low.
B) review of past experience provides adequate information.
C) the risk of making a wrong purchase decision is low.
D) the item is frequently purchased.
E) the item is for personal use rather than for professional use.

F) All of the above
G) A) and E)

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consumer's subjective perception of how a product or brand performs on different attributes based on personal experience,advertising,and discussions with other people are referred to as __________.


A) beliefs
B) values
C) attitudes
D) predispositions
E) opinions

F) B) and E)
G) A) and E)

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