Question 1

All the members of the same species that inhabit a particular area are termed a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)   ecosystem.
B)   biosphere.
C)   ecological niche.
D)   population.
E)   community.F) B) and D)
G) A) and C)

Question 2

Ecology is best defined as the study of

Accepted Answer

A)   populations.
B)   the rate of population changes.
C)   communities.
D)   how populations are restricted by environmental resistance.
E)   organisms as they interact with other organisms and with their physical surroundings.F) D) and E)
G) B) and C)

Question 3

In an Asian rice paddy,carp eat decaying material from around the base of rice plants while a snail scrapes algae from the leaves,stems,and roots of the same plant.They can survive at the same time in the same rice paddy because they

Accepted Answer

A)   occupy the same habitat but use the resources differently.
B)   occupy the same habitat and use the same resources.
C)   use the same resources but occupy different habitats.
D)   occupy different habitats and use the resources differently.
E)   work according to the competitive exclusion principle.F) All of the above
G) B) and D)

Question 4

The study of the interrelationships of plants and animals with each other and with their environment is known as

Accepted Answer

A)   a trophic level.
B)   a food web.
C)   a habitat.
D)   a biosphere.
E)   ecology.F) C) and E)
G) B) and C)

Question 5

Which of the following describes a type I survivorship curve (drawn by plotting the number of individuals in a given population alive at the beginning of each age interval) ?

Accepted Answer

A)   Most individuals die of old age.
B)   Many individuals die early in life.
C)   Individuals die at a constant rate throughout time.
D)   Most individuals die during their reproductive years.
E)   Most individuals die before old age, but after their reproductive years.F) All of the above
G) A) and D)

Question 6

There are two organisms with overlapping ranges and filling a similar niche.We find that where their niches overlap,there is twice the competition for resources.This leads to

Accepted Answer

A)   speciation.
B)   hypervolume.
C)   competitive exclusion.
D)   total extinction of one species.
E)   a switch in habitat for one of the organisms.F) B) and D)
G) C) and E)

Question 7

One model proposed for succession predicts that different types of plants can all colonize an area at the same time and it is chance alone that determines which one arrives first and begins the process of succession.This model is called

Accepted Answer

A)   The facilitation model
B)   The tolerance model
C)   The inhibition model
D)   An opportunistic model
E)   The climax modelF) B) and E)
G) B) and D)

Question 8

Replacement reproduction cannot bring about zero population growth unless

Accepted Answer

A)   all diseases such as cholera, typhus, and diphtheria are brought under control.
B)   there are many fatalities due to a world war.
C)   there are as many older women leaving the reproductive years as there are younger women entering them.
D)   there are more older women leaving the reproductive years than there are younger women entering them.
E)   there are fewer older women leaving the reproductive years than there are younger women entering them.F) None of the above
G) A) and D)

Question 9

Which of the following does not impact an organism's biotic potential?

Accepted Answer

A)   usual number of offspring per reproduction
B)   chances of survival until age of reproduction
C)   age at which reproduction begins
D)   how often each individual reproduces
E)   the rate of immigration into an areaF) All of the above
G) D) and E)

Question 10

In nature animals tend to be either an opportunistic or equilibrium species or somewhere along an intermediate point between the two.Why aren't there animals in nature that are both big,fierce and highly reproductive so they leave many offspring?

Accepted Answer

A)   Most animals are both opportunistic and equilibrium species.
B)   There is no limitation; such an animal could evolve.
C)   It is structurally impossible for a large animal to have many young.
D)   You can "spend" your energy to be a large equilibrium species, to produce many offspring as an opportunistic species, or to be somewhere in between, but you can't spend the energy to be both large and highly reproductive.
E)   Large animals are incapable of producing large numbers of offspring.F) A) and D)
G) D) and E)

Question 11

Black-and-yellow stripes are a common warning coloration.Among a set of insects that possess black- and-yellow patterns are: -female wasps that sting
-male wasps that do not sting
-a tasty,harmless,and nutritious leaf beetle
-an acrid blister beetle that makes you sick if you eat it
-a harmless hover fly that sounds and looks like a bee
This assortment represents

Accepted Answer

A)   all organisms that share black-and-yellow because it evolved in a common ancestor.
B)   all cases of Batesian mimicry.
C)   all cases of Müllerian mimicry.
D)   a combination of cases including both Müllerian and Batesian mimicry.
E)   warning coloration only in the cases of the female wasp and blister beetle; the other cases are not mimicry.F) All of the above
G) C) and E)

Question 12

Population size is believed to level off at the _______ of an environment.

Accepted Answer

A)   population growth
B)   biotic potential
C)   environmental resistance
D)   carrying capacity
E)   doubling timeF) A) and E)
G) C) and D)

Question 13

A population with rapidly expanding exponential growth would be best represented by a graph with a(n) ______-shaped curve.

Accepted Answer

A)   bell
B)   urn
C)   pyramid
D)   S
E)   JF) A) and D)
G) A) and C)

Question 14

The outbreak of a disease,such as the bubonic plague,that kills large numbers of people in a city is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)   density independent factor.
B)   density dependent factor.
C)   commensalistic factor.
D)   a symbiotic relationship.
E)   predation.F) A) and E)
G) C) and D)

Question 15

Which would be the climax community in a biome that receives a large amount of rainfall?

Accepted Answer

A)   plants with high tolerance to full sun, limited water, limited nutrients
B)   the pioneer community
C)   small native plants of the area such as grasses and herbs
D)   large plants such as shrubs and trees
E)   lichens, mosses, and fernsF) A) and E)
G) None of the above

Question 16

At the basic level an ecologist will study how an organism is adapted to its environment.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

In a pine forest few other species of plants grow under the pines because the needles of pine trees are acidic and make the soil more acidic.This is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)   The facilitation model
B)   The tolerance model
C)   The inhibition model
D)   An opportunistic model
E)   The climax modelF) B) and D)
G) C) and D)

Question 18

Which of these is most likely true?

Accepted Answer

A)   The less developed countries will always have a high growth rate with no accompanying problems.
B)   The growth rate will decline only when the less developed countries are industrialized as much as the more developed countries.
C)   A good family planning program can help the growth rate decline even if the country is not yet industrialized.
D)   The less developed countries already have a low growth rate.
E)   The growth rate of more developed countries contributes more to world population growth.F) C) and E)
G) B) and D)

Question 19

-In Figure 34.03,where does the effect of environmental resistance show on the graph?

Accepted Answer

A)   1
B)   2
C)   3
D)   4
E)   5F) B) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 20

The demographic transition,where population growth slows in developed countries,is due to a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)   decreased death rate followed by a decreased birthrate.
B)   decreased death rate followed by increased birthrate.
C)   increased death rate followed by a decreased birthrate.
D)   increased death rate followed by increased birthrate.
E)   loss of a large number of members of the child-bearing age population.F) B) and D)
G) C) and D)

Exam 34: Population and Community Ecology

Ecology is best defined as the study of

Correct Answer
verified

All the members of the same species that inhabit a particular area are termed a(n)

Correct Answer
verified

One model proposed for succession predicts that different types of plants can all colonize an area at the same time and it is chance alone that determines which one arrives first and begins the process of succession.This model is called

Correct Answer
verified

There are two organisms with overlapping ranges and filling a similar niche.We find that where their niches overlap,there is twice the competition for resources.This leads to

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

In nature animals tend to be either an opportunistic or equilibrium species or somewhere along an intermediate point between the two.Why aren't there animals in nature that are both big,fierce and highly reproductive so they leave many offspring?

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following describes a type I survivorship curve (drawn by plotting the number of individuals in a given population alive at the beginning of each age interval) ?

Correct Answer
verified

Which would be the climax community in a biome that receives a large amount of rainfall?

Correct Answer
verified

The demographic transition,where population growth slows in developed countries,is due to a(n)

Correct Answer
verified

A population with rapidly expanding exponential growth would be best represented by a graph with a(n) ______-shaped curve.

Correct Answer
verified

Population size is believed to level off at the _______ of an environment.

Correct Answer
verified

The outbreak of a disease,such as the bubonic plague,that kills large numbers of people in a city is an example of

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following does not impact an organism's biotic potential?

Correct Answer
verified

In an Asian rice paddy,carp eat decaying material from around the base of rice plants while a snail scrapes algae from the leaves,stems,and roots of the same plant.They can survive at the same time in the same rice paddy because they

Correct Answer
verified

-In Figure 34.03,where does the effect of environmental resistance show on the graph?

Correct Answer
verified

Replacement reproduction cannot bring about zero population growth unless

Correct Answer
verified

The study of the interrelationships of plants and animals with each other and with their environment is known as

Correct Answer
verified

In a pine forest few other species of plants grow under the pines because the needles of pine trees are acidic and make the soil more acidic.This is an example of

Correct Answer
verified

Which of these is most likely true?

Correct Answer
verified

At the basic level an ecologist will study how an organism is adapted to its environment.

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 34: Population and Community Ecology

Ecology is best defined as the study of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

All the members of the same species that inhabit a particular area are termed a(n)

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

One model proposed for succession predicts that different types of plants can all colonize an area at the same time and it is chance alone that determines which one arrives first and begins the process of succession.This model is called

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

There are two organisms with overlapping ranges and filling a similar niche.We find that where their niches overlap,there is twice the competition for resources.This leads to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In nature animals tend to be either an opportunistic or equilibrium species or somewhere along an intermediate point between the two.Why aren't there animals in nature that are both big,fierce and highly reproductive so they leave many offspring?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following describes a type I survivorship curve (drawn by plotting the number of individuals in a given population alive at the beginning of each age interval) ?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which would be the climax community in a biome that receives a large amount of rainfall?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The demographic transition,where population growth slows in developed countries,is due to a(n)

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A population with rapidly expanding exponential growth would be best represented by a graph with a(n) ______-shaped curve.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Population size is believed to level off at the _______ of an environment.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The outbreak of a disease,such as the bubonic plague,that kills large numbers of people in a city is an example of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following does not impact an organism's biotic potential?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In an Asian rice paddy,carp eat decaying material from around the base of rice plants while a snail scrapes algae from the leaves,stems,and roots of the same plant.They can survive at the same time in the same rice paddy because they

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

-In Figure 34.03,where does the effect of environmental resistance show on the graph?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Replacement reproduction cannot bring about zero population growth unless

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The study of the interrelationships of plants and animals with each other and with their environment is known as

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In a pine forest few other species of plants grow under the pines because the needles of pine trees are acidic and make the soil more acidic.This is an example of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of these is most likely true?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

At the basic level an ecologist will study how an organism is adapted to its environment.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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