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reasoning, is referred to as


A) psychosocial perception.
B) acculturation.
C) attitudinal identification.
D) dynamic growth.
E) learning.

F) B) and D)
G) C) and E)

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FIGURE 5-5 FIGURE 5-5   -According to Figure 5-5 above, shelter is an example of a __________ need. A) self-actualization B) personal C) social D) safety E) physiological -According to Figure 5-5 above, shelter is an example of a __________ need.


A) self-actualization
B) personal
C) social
D) safety
E) physiological

F) All of the above
G) A) and B)

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A mode of living that is identified by how people spend their time and resources; what they consider important in their environment; and what they think of themselves and the world around them, is referred to as


A) reference group.
B) personal image.
C) social class.
D) lifestyle.
E) culture.

F) A) and C)
G) A) and D)

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The actions a person takes in purchasing and using products and services, including the mental and social processes that come before and after these actions are referred to as


A) customer conduct.
B) market research.
C) consumer behavior.
D) consumer conduct.
E) purchase protocol.

F) None of the above
G) B) and E)

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FIGURE 5-1 FIGURE 5-1   -According to Figure 5-1 above, Cell  D  represents which stage of the consumer purchase decision process? A) purchase decision B) information search C) problem recognition D) alternative evaluation E) postpurchase behavior -According to Figure 5-1 above, Cell "D" represents which stage of the consumer purchase decision process?


A) purchase decision
B) information search
C) problem recognition
D) alternative evaluation
E) postpurchase behavior

F) A) and D)
G) B) and E)

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Two VALS segments stand apart; one represents the group with the highest resources and innovation and the other represents the lowest resources and innovation.These two groups are the __________ and the __________.


A) thinkers; believers
B) strivers; survivors
C) achievers; strivers
D) innovators; survivors
E) experiencers; makers

F) C) and E)
G) A) and D)

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When purchasing a computer, factors the consumer considers prior to purchase are called __________, which represent both the objective attributes of a brand and the subjective ones used to compare different products and brands.


A) hot buttons
B) informational alternatives
C) evaluative criteria
D) buying-decision choices
E) consumer attributes

F) A) and B)
G) None of the above

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In the VALS system, consumers who are practical people who have constructive skills, value self-sufficiency, and are unimpressed by material possessions except those with a practical or functional purpose are referred to as __________.


A) actualizers
B) thinkers
C) makers
D) achievers
E) innovators

F) B) and E)
G) A) and C)

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FIGURE 5-5 FIGURE 5-5   -According to Figure 5-5 above, friendship is an example of a __________ need. A) self-actualization B) personal C) social D) safety E) physiological -According to Figure 5-5 above, friendship is an example of a __________ need.


A) self-actualization
B) personal
C) social
D) safety
E) physiological

F) D) and E)
G) B) and C)

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One evening while watching TV, your stomach growls (cue) .You see an ad for Subway.You walk to the Subway shop and buy a sandwich (response) , which tastes great.In terms of behavioral learning your hunger is a(n) marketing example of a __________.


A) drive
B) reinforcement
C) stimulus
D) reaction
E) prompt

F) D) and E)
G) A) and C)

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In the VALS system, __________ spend much of their income on fashion items, entertainment, and socializing and particularly on looking good and having the latest things.


A) ideals-motivated
B) achievement-motivated
C) self-expression-motivated
D) rewards-success motivated
E) high-and low-resource motivated

F) A) and D)
G) A) and E)

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In the VALS system, consumers who choose familiar products and brands, favor American-made products, and are generally brand loyal are referred to as _________.


A) experiencers
B) innovators
C) achievers
D) believers
E) thinkers

F) All of the above
G) A) and D)

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Consumers' ability to perceive taste differences in chocolate bars is an example of


A) cognitive dissonance.
B) stimulus discrimination.
C) selective retention.
D) selective comprehension.
E) stimulus generalization.

F) C) and D)
G) D) and E)

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Retailers can reduce problems associated with selective retention by


A) hiring well-known celebrities to sponsor their products.
B) using a more convoluted store layout.
C) providing brochures for consumers to take home.
D) adopting advertising campaigns that use bright colors and/or snappy background music.
E) offering extended service warranties.

F) A) and D)
G) B) and E)

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Kristi goes shopping with a friend and notices her friend's new duct tape wallet.She thinks of her own worn wallet and realizes she needs a new one.In which stage of the consumer purchase decision process was Kristi when she had this realization?


A) information search.
B) problem recognition
C) purchase behavior
D) alternative evaluation
E) pre-purchase cognition

F) B) and E)
G) B) and C)

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When strolling through the grocery store a toddler tells her mother, "I don't like carrots." Her mother puts down the carrots and chooses string beans instead.The role of the little girl in this purchase was that of __________.


A) information gatherer
B) influencer
C) purchaser
D) decision maker
E) user

F) C) and D)
G) C) and E)

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In the VALS system, consumers who are defined as trendy, fun-loving, and less self-confident than achievers are called __________.They also have lower levels of education and household income.


A) strivers
B) believers
C) achievers
D) innovators
E) thinkers

F) All of the above
G) A) and C)

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FIGURE 5-1 FIGURE 5-1   -According to Figure 5-1 above, the point at which you would exchange money for your sandwich of corned beef on rye first would be found in cell __________. A) A B) B C) C D) D E) E -According to Figure 5-1 above, the point at which you would exchange money for your sandwich of corned beef on rye first would be found in cell __________.


A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D
E) E

F) None of the above
G) B) and D)

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Which of the following statements about Asian-American buying patterns is most accurate?


A) Generalizations about buying patterns of this group are easy to make because there is no real diversity among its members.
B) Assimilated Asian-Americans exhibit buying patterns very different from the typical American consumer.
C) Because McDonald's standardizes its products across all cultures, it does not actively market to Asian Americans.
D) The Asian-American subculture is the most entrepreneurial in the United States.
E) Consumer research on Asian-Americans suggests individuals and families divide into three groups-assimilated, non-assimilated, and recent immigrants.

F) C) and D)
G) A) and D)

Correct Answer

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NetJets is a company that offers 1/16 or more ownership in a jet plane for a price beginning at $325,000.It gives the purchaser privacy, convenience, and flexibility as well as saves them time since the plane is available with four hours notice.This is a high-involvement purchase for most people because


A) buying a jet is fun and challenging.
B) buying a jet is only done once in a lifetime.
C) the type of other investments one has can dictate how quickly you buy the jet.
D) even fractional ownership in a jet is an expensive purchase for most people.
E) it is important to find out where this jet can safely land before purchase.

F) C) and E)
G) A) and B)

Correct Answer

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