Question 1

In the section "Investigating Life: Evolving Backwards",what structures were examined between species?

Accepted Answer

A)  analogous
B)  convergent
C)  homologous
D)  vestigial
E)  homeoticF) A) and D)
G) None of the above

Question 2

The abundant presence of ammonite fossils in a large area indicates that the area was once part of an ocean.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

Relative dating uses ______ to estimate how old a fossil is.

Accepted Answer

A)  radioactive isotopes
B)  a molecular clock
C)  structural features
D)  depth within rock layers
E)  embryonic structuresF) B) and C)
G) A) and B)

Question 4

The sequence of eras beginning with the earliest era and proceeding forward to the most recent era in the geologic time scale is

Accepted Answer

A)  Archean - Mesozoic - Cenozoic.
B)  Cenozoic - Archean - Mesozoic.
C)  Archean - Paleozoic - ProterozoiC.
D)  Mesozoic - Cenozoic - Paleozoic.
E)  Paleozoic - Mesozoic - Cenozoic.F) C) and D)
G) B) and E)

Question 5

The fossil record indicates that at one time marsupials were common to both Australia and South America,but today most South American marsupials have become extinct.The most probable explanation for marsupials being common to Australia yet not very common to South America today is that

Accepted Answer

A)  South American marsupials were displaced by placental mammals when a land bridge formed between North America and South America about seven million years ago.
B)  marsupials were able to flourish in South America because of its isolation from other land masses.
C)  placental mammals are less fully developed than marsupials when born and therefore have a better chance of survival after birth.
D)  South American and Australian marsupials interbreD.
E)  marsupials can survive only in warm climates like Australia.F) A) and D)
G) A) and C)

Question 6

In the section "Investigating Life: Evolving Backwards",how did the scientists test the hypothesis?

Accepted Answer

A)  Examined decrease in length of hindlimbs in land-dwelling snakes.
B)  Compared anatomy of fossil ancestors and extant snakes.
C)  Examined decrease in length of hindlimbs in marine snakes.
D)  Compared terrestrial,freshwater,and marine snakes.
E)  Compared anatomy of snakes,other reptiles,mammals,and birds.F) B) and D)
G) A) and D)

Question 7

If similarities between two structures in different organisms reflect independent evolution,these structures are

Accepted Answer

A)  analogous.
B)  vestigial.
C)  homologous.
D)  homeotic.
E)  heterologous.F) A) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 8

The Cretaceous and Jurassic periods are part of the

Accepted Answer

A)  Mesozoic erA.
B)  Archean era.
C)  Proterozoic era.
D)  Cenozoic era.
E)  Paleozoic era.F) A) and C)
G) A) and B)

Question 9

The wings of a bat and a bird are examples of

Accepted Answer

A)  analogous structures.
B)  homologous structures.
C)  vestigial structures.
D)  homeotic structures.
E)  heterologous structures.F) B) and D)
G) A) and C)

Question 10

In the section "Investigating Life: Evolving Backwards",what was hypothesized about the loss of legs in modern-day snakes?

Accepted Answer

A)  Snakes descended from land-dwelling or marine ancestors.
B)  Snakes descended only from burrowing lizards on land.
C)  Snakes descended only from marine lizards.
D)  Snakes do not have forelimbs or hindlimbs.
E)  Some extant snakes have forelimbs or hindlimbs.F) B) and D)
G) D) and E)

Question 11

The femur in a snake and pelvis in a whale are examples of

Accepted Answer

A)  homologous structures.
B)  analogous structures.
C)  homeotic structures.
D)  vestigial structures.
E)  heterologous structures.F) B) and E)
G) A) and C)

Question 12

The observation that most aquatic animals,like fish,penguins,and whales,all have streamlined bodies and fins or flippers for steering are a result of

Accepted Answer

A)  sexual selection.
B)  artificial selection.
C)  analogous selection.
D)  vestigial selection.
E)  convergent evolution.F) B) and E)
G) C) and D)

Question 13

A fossil is defined as any evidence of an organism from

Accepted Answer

A)  at least 500 years ago.
B)  at least 1000 years ago.
C)  at least 25,000 years ago.
D)  at least 10,000 years ago.
E)  at least 100,000 years ago.F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 14

What can be used as a molecular clock to estimate the time since organisms diverged from a common ancestor?

Accepted Answer

A)  DNA
B)  all types of RNA
C)  only ribosomal RNA (rRN
A)  
D)  ATP
E)  All answers are correct.F) A) and B)
G) A) and E)

Question 15

Dinosaurs lived essentially during the Paleozoic era.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

Which of the following is NOT a vestigial structure in humans?

Accepted Answer

A)  tail bone
B)  muscles which wiggle ears
C)  muscles which make body hair erect when cold
D)  wisdom teeth
E)  thumbsF) None of the above
G) C) and E)

Question 17

Earth once consisted of a single large landmass and one ocean.The landmass is named

Accepted Answer

A)  PanthalassA.
B)  Pangaea.
C)  Laurasia.
D)  Gondwana.
E)  Ultima Continenta.F) A) and B)
G) C) and D)

Question 18

In the section "Investigating Life: Evolving Backwards",what is the significance of Najash rionegrina,an extinct,land-dwelling species of snake with functional legs,pelvis,and sacrum?

Accepted Answer

A)  Has a common ancestor to modern-day snakes,but placed in a derived group
B)  Has the same anatomical organization as modern-day snakes
C)  Is an ancestor to modern-day snakes,but has different anatomical organization than modern-day snakes
D)  Is an ancestor to modern-day snakes and has same anatomical organization as modern-day snakes
E)  Is an outgroup unrelated to modern-day snakesF) All of the above
G) A) and C)

Question 19

If many genes from two species differ in about 5% of their bases and substitutions occur at an estimated rate of 5% per one million years then

Accepted Answer

A)  approximately 1 million years have passed since the two species diverged.
B)  approximately 5 million years have passed since the two species diverged.
C)  approximately 10 million years have passed since the two species diverged.
D)  approximately 20 million years have passed since the two species divergeD.
E)  approximately 50 million years have passed since the two species diverged.F) D) and E)
G) A) and D)

Question 20

Evolution occurs in

Accepted Answer

A)  individuals.
B)  communities.
C)  species.
D)  genotypes.
E)  alleles.F) A) and E)
G) A) and B)

Exam 13: Evidence of Evolution

The sequence of eras beginning with the earliest era and proceeding forward to the most recent era in the geologic time scale is

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What can be used as a molecular clock to estimate the time since organisms diverged from a common ancestor?

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If similarities between two structures in different organisms reflect independent evolution,these structures are

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The observation that most aquatic animals,like fish,penguins,and whales,all have streamlined bodies and fins or flippers for steering are a result of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The femur in a snake and pelvis in a whale are examples of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The abundant presence of ammonite fossils in a large area indicates that the area was once part of an ocean.

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Which of the following is NOT a vestigial structure in humans?

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In the section "Investigating Life: Evolving Backwards",what was hypothesized about the loss of legs in modern-day snakes?

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The wings of a bat and a bird are examples of

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The Cretaceous and Jurassic periods are part of the

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In the section "Investigating Life: Evolving Backwards",how did the scientists test the hypothesis?

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Dinosaurs lived essentially during the Paleozoic era.

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If many genes from two species differ in about 5% of their bases and substitutions occur at an estimated rate of 5% per one million years then

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Relative dating uses ______ to estimate how old a fossil is.

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In the section "Investigating Life: Evolving Backwards",what is the significance of Najash rionegrina,an extinct,land-dwelling species of snake with functional legs,pelvis,and sacrum?

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Earth once consisted of a single large landmass and one ocean.The landmass is named

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In the section "Investigating Life: Evolving Backwards",what structures were examined between species?

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Evolution occurs in

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The fossil record indicates that at one time marsupials were common to both Australia and South America,but today most South American marsupials have become extinct.The most probable explanation for marsupials being common to Australia yet not very common to South America today is that

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A fossil is defined as any evidence of an organism from

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