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Fernando doesn't cut in line,raises his hand in class before talking,and stops his car at stop signs on the road.He focuses on conventional rules that have been established by social consensus in order to control behavior and maintain the social system.Which of the following best describes Fernando's reasoning?


A) Prosocial reasoning
B) Social order reasoning
C) Social consensus reasoning
D) Social conventional reasoning

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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A student who says,"I can't do this work," is exhibiting:


A) high self-efficacy.
B) low self-efficacy.
C) high moral development.
D) low moral development.

E) All of the above
F) B) and D)

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How do schools in low-income areas compare with those in high-income areas?

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Compared with schools in higher-income a...

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Many of today's children grow up receiving praise for mediocre or even poor performance.What could be a possible consequence of this?


A) They tend to undervalue the rewards that aggression can bring.
B) The increased self-esteem produces better school performance.
C) They are increasingly prone to develop antisocial actions.
D) They may have difficulty handling competition and criticism.

E) B) and C)
F) None of the above

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Consistently praising children for mediocre or even poor performance can lead to:


A) an inflated self-esteem.
B) low self-esteem.
C) a real self-image.
D) lower peer status.

E) B) and C)
F) B) and D)

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Distinguish between the constructivist and direct instruction approaches to student learning.

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The constructivist approach is a learner...

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In terms of peer relationships,a low acceptance/likeability status was linked to an increased probability of:


A) unemployment in adulthood.
B) getting married early in adulthood.
C) receiving multiple promotions during one's career.
D) graduating early from college.

E) A) and D)
F) All of the above

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_____ is characterized by self-disclosure and the sharing of private thoughts.


A) Ego support
B) Intimacy in friendships
C) Physical support
D) Social comparison

E) All of the above
F) C) and D)

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The belief that one can master a situation and produce favorable outcomes is called:


A) self-concept.
B) self-confidence.
C) self-efficacy.
D) self-esteem.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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Tapi believes that all human beings have certain inalienable rights that need to be protected.She believes that the current law in her country that prohibits interracial marriage is unfair and should be changed.According to Kohlberg,which of the following describes Tapi's level of moral reasoning?


A) Postconventional
B) Conventional
C) Preconventional
D) Universal

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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How does the development of self-understanding change from middle to late childhood? Illustrate your answer with examples.

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In middle and late childhood,especially ...

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Which of the following statements about self-regulation is FALSE?


A) It is linked to developmental advances in the brain's prefrontal cortex.
B) It is characterized by deliberate efforts to manage one's behavior.
C) It leads to increased social competence and achievement.
D) It is characterized by an eagerness to perform challenging tasks.

E) All of the above
F) C) and D)

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All of the following are effective ways to improve relationships among ethnically diverse students EXCEPT:


A) Reducing bias
B) Being a competent cultural mediator
C) Turning the classroom into a segregated learning experience
D) Encouraging students to have positive interactions with students from diverse ethnic groups

E) None of the above
F) C) and D)

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Leilani is in a class where the teacher emphasizes learning through things like drama productions,team activities,and a variety of other activities.The class works in cooperative groups for history reports and science projects.Identify the teaching style that Leilani's teacher is utilizing.

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