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Despite the success of its Pentium chips, Intel faced a major threat from competitors such as AMD's K6 chips, which were cheaper and better placed to serve the emerging low-cost PC market. Intel wanted to protect the brand equity and price premium of its Pentium microprocessors, but it also wanted to avoid AMD gaining a foothold into the lower end of the market. So it created Celeron as a cheaper, less powerful version of its Pentium chips to serve this market. This is a notable example of a


A) private brand.
B) brand extension.
C) subbrand.
D) co-brand.
E) fighting brand.

F) B) and C)
G) C) and D)

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Which stage in the product life cycle is characterized by a slowing of total industry sales or product class revenue?


A) introduction
B) growth
C) maturity
D) decline
E) decelerated implementation

F) A) and B)
G) C) and D)

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Which of the following is not true about a multibranding strategy?


A) With a multibranding strategy, there is no risk that a product failure will affect other products in the line.
B) Some large firms have found that the complexity and expense of implementing a multibranding strategy outweigh its benefits.
C) With a multibranding strategy, each brand is unique to each market segment.
D) A multibranding strategy is used when a firm produces products and sells them under the brand name of a wholesaler or retailer.
E) Some multibrands are introduced to confront competitors' brands.

F) A) and D)
G) A) and B)

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Every product manufactured by the maker of Slim-Fast carries the Slim-Fast brand name. This company uses


A) multibranding.
B) uniform branding.
C) co-branding.
D) corporate branding.
E) agent licensing.

F) A) and C)
G) C) and D)

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Usually two curves are shown in a figure that represents the stages of the product life cycle. The two curves shown represent total industry sales revenue and total industry profit. Typically what does the lower of the two curves represent?


A) total variable costs
B) total fixed costs
C) total industry profit
D) total industry sales revenue
E) total research and development costs

F) A) and D)
G) A) and E)

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The swoosh that appears on every Nike product is an example of a


A) copyright.
B) trade name.
C) trademark.
D) brand name.
E) label.

F) None of the above
G) A) and D)

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If a customer is reluctant to try a new product because he'd have to change his normal everyday behaviors, the company is most likely facing a __________ barrier.


A) usage
B) risk
C) value
D) financial
E) psychological

F) B) and D)
G) B) and C)

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Companies can choose from several different branding strategies. Companies such as Procter & Gamble, with its Tide, Cheer, and Ivory Snow laundry detergents, are using a __________ strategy.


A) retailer branding
B) multiproduct branding
C) multibranding
D) private branding
E) mixed branding

F) A) and D)
G) A) and C)

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The four steps in building brand equity are: (1) developing positive brand awareness and __________; (2) establishing a brand's meaning in the minds of consumers; (3) eliciting the proper consumer responses to a brand's identity and meaning; and (4) creating an intense, active, and loyal consumer-brand connection.


A) an association of the brand in consumers' minds with a product class or need to give the brand an identity
B) lowering the price of products
C) easing consumers' decision making
D) incorporating higher value in products
E) creating market modification

F) A) and B)
G) None of the above

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Brand equity provides a financial advantage for a brand's owner because successful, established brand names have an economic value in the sense that they are


A) tangible assets.
B) intangible assets.
C) durable goods.
D) nondurable goods.
E) intangible equity.

F) C) and E)
G) A) and B)

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The largest numbers of product adopters with respect to the diffusion of innovation are found among


A) innovators and laggards.
B) early majority and late majority.
C) late majority and laggards.
D) innovators and early majority.
E) innovators and early adopters.

F) D) and E)
G) A) and E)

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To help differentiate a company's brand from competitors, an improved version is created or new features are added to the original design, and product proliferation occurs in the __________ stage of the product life cycle.


A) introduction
B) maturity
C) decline
D) growth
E) harvest

F) C) and D)
G) B) and E)

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An integral part of the package that typically identifies the product or brand, who made it, where and when it was made, how it is to be used, and package contents and ingredients is referred to as


A) an SKU.
B) a product information panel.
C) a UPC.
D) an RFID.
E) a label.

F) C) and D)
G) B) and D)

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When selecting a brand name, it should: (1) suggest the product benefits; (2) be memorable, distinctive, and positive; (3) __________; (4) have no legal or regulatory restrictions; (5) be simple and emotional; and (6) have favorable phonetic and semantic associations in other languages.


A) never have a humorous connotation
B) be easy to spell and pronounce
C) fit the company or product image
D) not be easily imitated
E) be patented

F) A) and B)
G) None of the above

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When selecting a brand name, it should: (1) __________; (2) be memorable, distinctive, and positive; (3) fit the company or product image; (4) have no legal or regulatory restrictions; (5) be simple and emotional; and (6) have favorable phonetic and semantic associations in other languages.


A) never have a humorous connotation
B) suggest the product benefits
C) not be easily imitated
D) be patented
E) easy to spell and pronounce

F) D) and E)
G) C) and D)

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Pez was originally sold in Europe as an adult


A) breath mint.
B) chewing gum.
C) pain reliever.
D) stop-smoking patch.
E) antacid.

F) A) and C)
G) A) and B)

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At which stage of the product life cycle is a company likely to have its most complete product line?


A) introduction
B) growth
C) maturity
D) decline
E) accelerated development

F) A) and E)
G) C) and D)

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Multiproduct branding refers to a branding strategy


A) that involves giving each product a distinct name when each brand is intended for a different market segment.
B) that uses different brand names for the same product across multiple countries.
C) in which a company uses one name for all its products in a product class.
D) in which manufacturers produce products but sell them under the brand name of a wholesaler or retailer.
E) in which a company uses a contractual agreement to allow someone else to use its brand name for a fee.

F) C) and D)
G) B) and E)

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Bayer Aspirin is sold in the original strength, in a safety-coated version, in an extra-strength version, and in a version designed especially for women. Bayer is using a __________ strategy.


A) product item expansion
B) subbranding
C) product line extension
D) co-branding
E) brand extension

F) B) and C)
G) C) and E)

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The formula __________ is used to calculate CDI.


A) (Percent of the total U.S. population in a market segment ÷ Percent of a brand's total U.S. sales in a market segment) × 100
B) (Percent of a product category's total U.S. sales in a market segment ÷ Percent of the total U.S. population in a market segment) × 100
C) (Percent of a brand's total U.S. sales in a market segment ÷ Percent of the total U.S. population in a market segment) × 100
D) (Percent of the total U.S. population in a market segment ÷ Percent of a product category's total U.S. sales in a market segment) × 100
E) of the ratio of sales revenue of the firm to the total sales revenue of all firms in the industry, including the firm itself.

F) All of the above
G) A) and E)

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