Question 1

Thyrotropin-releasing hormone targets the

Accepted Answer

A)  thyroid gland.
B)  thyroid hormone.
C)  hypothalamus.
D)  posterior pituitary (neurohypophysis) .
E)  anterior pituitary (adenohypophysis) .F) A) and C)
G) D) and E)

Question 2

Prostaglandins are considered paracrines.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

Cholesterol is essential for the synthesis of steroid hormones.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

What makes a cell responsive to a particular hormone?

Accepted Answer

A)  the chemical properties of the hormone
B)  the presence of a receptor for that particular hormone
C)  the location of the gland that secretes the hormone
D)  the location of the target cells in the body
E)  the site where the hormone is secretedF) D) and E)
G) None of the above

Question 5

Hormones serve as intracellular messengers.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

The secretes a hormone that increases the body's metabolic rate, promotes alertness , quickens reflexes, and stimulates the fetal nervous system.

Accepted Answer

A)  thyroid gland
B)  pancreas
C)  adrenal gland
D)  parathyroid gland
E)  thymusF) B) and E)
G) None of the above

Question 7

These statements about diabetes mellitus (DM)  are correct except

Accepted Answer

A)  the body produces autoantibodies that destroy the pancreatic beta cells in type I DM.
B)  target cells are unresponsive to insulin in type II DM.
C)  both type I and type II DM are characterized by lack of, or low levels of, insulin.
D)  diabetic neuropathy is a common long term effect of DM.
E)  type II DM is more common than type I DM.F) B) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 8

This figure shows the hypothalamo-pituitary-target organ relationships.Which hormone is not a tropin?

Accepted Answer

A)  1
B)  4
C)  8
D)  5
E)  6F) None of the above
G) C) and D)

Question 9

Many effects of growth hormone are mediated by insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) secreted by the
pancreas.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

The exhaustion stage of the general adaptation syndrome (stress response) sets in only if protein
reserves are depleted.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

secretion is controlled by neuroendocrine reflexes, whereas secretion is controlled by negative feedback mechanisms.

Accepted Answer

A)  Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) ; luteinizing hormone (LH) 
B)  Oxytocin (OT) ; antidiuretic hormone (ADH) 
C)  Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) ; oxytocin (OT) 
D)  Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) ; thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) 
E)  Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) ; luteinizing hormone (LH) F) All of the above
G) C) and D)

Question 12

This figure shows the major organs of the endocrine system.What does "1" represent?

Accepted Answer

A)  the hypothalamus
B)  the pituitary gland
C)  the pineal gland
D)  the hypophysis
E)  the adrenal glandF) C) and D)
G) A) and B)

Question 13

Testosterone is a gonadotropin.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Even a small quantity of hormone can have a strong effect on its target cell because of

Accepted Answer

A)  negative feedback inhibition.
B)  an antagonistic effect.
C)  up-regulation.
D)  enzyme amplification.
E)  down-regulation.F) None of the above
G) A) and D)

Question 15

These are all secreted by the pancreas except

Accepted Answer

A)  glucagon.
B)  pancreatic polypeptide.
C)  gastrin.
D)  somatostatin (growth hormone-inhibiting hormone) .
E)  somatotropin (growth hormone) .F) A) and B)
G) None of the above

Question 16

Both the thymus and the pineal gland shrink after childhood.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)  targets the

Accepted Answer

A)  kidneys.
B)  adrenal gland.
C)  anterior pituitary (adenohypophysis) .
D)  hypothalamus.
E)  pancreas.F) None of the above
G) B) and D)

Question 18

has more target cells in the body than any of the others.

Accepted Answer

A)  Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) 
B)  Corticotropin releasing hormone (CRH) 
C)  Growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH) 
D)  Growth hormone (GH) 
E)  Oxytocin (OT) F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 19

Growth hormone (GH)  hypersecretion causes gigantism when it begins in childhood, but it is more likely to cause when it begins in adulthood.

Accepted Answer

A)  myxedema
B)  Graves disease
C)  Cushing syndrome
D)  goiter
E)  acromegalyF) A) and D)
G) D) and E)

Question 20

During the exhaustion stage of the general adaptation syndrome (stress response)  stress overwhelms homeostasis.A characteristic of this stage is that

Accepted Answer

A)  glycogen supplies are depleted.
B)  energy demands are met primarily by fat metabolism.
C)  fermentation is not enough to provide the necessary ATP.
D)  energy demands are met primarily by protein metabolism.
E)  energy demands are met primarily by carbohydrate metabolism.F) C) and D)
G) B) and D)

Exam 17: The Endocrine System

The secretes a hormone that increases the body's metabolic rate, promotes alertness , quickens reflexes, and stimulates the fetal nervous system.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

These are all secreted by the pancreas except

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

These statements about diabetes mellitus (DM) are correct except

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

has more target cells in the body than any of the others.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What makes a cell responsive to a particular hormone?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Prostaglandins are considered paracrines.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

This figure shows the hypothalamo-pituitary-target organ relationships.Which hormone is not a tropin?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

This figure shows the major organs of the endocrine system.What does "1" represent?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Many effects of growth hormone are mediated by insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) secreted by the pancreas.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Hormones serve as intracellular messengers.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Both the thymus and the pineal gland shrink after childhood.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The exhaustion stage of the general adaptation syndrome (stress response) sets in only if protein reserves are depleted.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Thyrotropin-releasing hormone targets the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Testosterone is a gonadotropin.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Growth hormone (GH) hypersecretion causes gigantism when it begins in childhood, but it is more likely to cause when it begins in adulthood.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Even a small quantity of hormone can have a strong effect on its target cell because of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) targets the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

During the exhaustion stage of the general adaptation syndrome (stress response) stress overwhelms homeostasis.A characteristic of this stage is that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

secretion is controlled by neuroendocrine reflexes, whereas secretion is controlled by negative feedback mechanisms.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Cholesterol is essential for the synthesis of steroid hormones.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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