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Research has found that for many products, including soft drinks, coffee, and cosmetics, consumers are unable to distinguish among brands in blind tests (i.e., taste or other use of the products without labels) . Nonetheless, even when prices are similar, consumers have strong preferences for specific brands. They may buy out of habit, which is the basis of


A) extended problem solving.
B) limited problem solving.
C) routine problem solving.
D) high-involvement problem solving.
E) personal problem solving.

F) A) and D)
G) B) and D)

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Psychologists point out that an individual's needs may be hierarchical; that is, once one set of needs is met, people seek to satisfy the next set of needs in the hierarchy. Name each of the five levels in Maslow's hierarchy of needs in order and give an example of each.

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Physiological needs, the lowest level in...

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All of the following would impact your decision about when to buy an offering except which?


A) The manufacturer is currently offering a $25 rebate.
B) You don't have the money now and don't get paid until Friday.
C) The product is on sale.
D) The store is closing in 10 minutes.
E) The retailer's return policy is very lenient.

F) A) and C)
G) A) and B)

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After a problem has been recognized in the consumer purchase decision process, the consumer proceeds to the second stage known as


A) information search.
B) purchase decision.
C) alternative evaluation.
D) opportunity identification.
E) problem recognition.

F) D) and E)
G) A) and E)

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What is a subculture? Which American racial/ethnic subcultures subcultures are most frequently targeted by marketers and why?

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Subculture refers to a subgroup with uni...

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  Figure 5-1 -In Figure 5-1 above, B represents which stage of the consumer purchase decision process? A)  purchase decision B)  information search C)  problem recognition D)  alternative evaluation E)  financial consideration Figure 5-1 -In Figure 5-1 above, B represents which stage of the consumer purchase decision process?


A) purchase decision
B) information search
C) problem recognition
D) alternative evaluation
E) financial consideration

F) C) and E)
G) A) and B)

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  Figure 5-2 -Figure 5-2 above shows the recent ratings from an independent rating agency for selected smartphone brands and models. A number of factors are listed, such as retail price, audio quality, and camera quality. These factors are the typical ________ for smartphones. A)  consideration sets B)  evaluative criteria C)  value propositions D)  quality considerations E)  core benefits Figure 5-2 -Figure 5-2 above shows the recent ratings from an independent rating agency for selected smartphone brands and models. A number of factors are listed, such as retail price, audio quality, and camera quality. These factors are the typical ________ for smartphones.


A) consideration sets
B) evaluative criteria
C) value propositions
D) quality considerations
E) core benefits

F) B) and D)
G) A) and E)

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Stephan was excited about his newly purchased laptop. It had all the features he wanted and was very fast with a great display for his gaming. In addition, the $1,200 price tag was reasonable. The same day he took it out of the box, he saw an online special for a similar computer, on sale for only $1,000. Suddenly he began to doubt his purchase decision and worried that maybe he hadn't gotten such a good deal. Stephan was most likely experiencing


A) limited problem solving.
B) cognitive dissonance.
C) selective discord.
D) product conflict.
E) product uncertainty.

F) D) and E)
G) A) and B)

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The influencing of people during conversations is referred to as


A) opinion formation.
B) peer persuasion.
C) interpersonal gossip.
D) word of mouth.
E) consumer socialization.

F) B) and D)
G) A) and B)

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________ often occurs in the postpurchase stage of the consumer decision process, when consumers notice and read advertisements for the brand they just bought as evidence to support their decision.


A) Selective retention
B) Selective comprehension
C) Selective exposure
D) Selective perception
E) Stimulus discrimination

F) C) and D)
G) D) and E)

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Individuals who exert direct or indirect social influence over others are referred to as


A) decision makers.
B) achievers.
C) innovators.
D) buzz managers.
E) opinion leaders.

F) A) and E)
G) None of the above

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Claire has just told her best friend, "I'm so glad I bought the Samsung Galaxy S10 rather than those other smartphones I was considering. Look at this incredible display, and the battery stays charged forever." Which stage of the consumer purchase decision process does Claire's conversation identify?


A) problem recognition
B) information search
C) alternative evaluation
D) purchase decision
E) postpurchase behavior

F) A) and B)
G) C) and E)

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  Figure 5-6 -According to Figure 5-6 above, A defines what level in the Maslow hierarchy of needs? A)  self-actualization B)  safety C)  social D)  personal E)  physiological Figure 5-6 -According to Figure 5-6 above, A defines what level in the Maslow hierarchy of needs?


A) self-actualization
B) safety
C) social
D) personal
E) physiological

F) B) and C)
G) A) and C)

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In the Maslow hierarchy of needs, those needs that are basic to survival and must be satisfied first are referred to as


A) physiological needs.
B) safety needs.
C) social needs.
D) personal needs.
E) self-actualization needs.

F) B) and C)
G) B) and D)

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Retailers can reduce problems associated with selective retention by


A) hiring well-known celebrities to sponsor their products.
B) adding more end-aisle and other point-of-purchase displays throughout the store.
C) providing brochures for consumers to take home.
D) adopting advertising campaigns that use bright colors and a new selection of popular background music.
E) offering extended service warranties.

F) C) and D)
G) A) and E)

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The BMW StreetCarver is a $495 skateboard that features BMW's technology in its wheel suspension, which stabilizes the board's sleek design and allows for greater control around sharp curves. BMW wants its skateboard to be within the consideration set of potential skateboard buyers. In this case, it will most likely focus on


A) reducing the postpurchase dissatisfaction that may result from purchasing its product.
B) making sure its representatives attend sporting events such as ESPN's X-Games to get new product ideas.
C) making appeals directed toward motivational ego needs.
D) explaining the stability and control aspects of the StreetCarver in its advertising messages.
E) creating personality profiles for skateboarders.

F) B) and C)
G) C) and E)

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When strolling through the grocery store, a toddler tells her mother, "Yuck, I don't like peas." Her mother puts down the peas and chooses green beans instead. The role of the toddler in this purchase was that of


A) information gatherer.
B) influencer.
C) purchaser.
D) decision maker.
E) user.

F) B) and C)
G) D) and E)

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________ influences on consumer behavior result from three sources: consumer socialization, passage through the family life cycle, and decision making within the family or household.


A) Lifestyle
B) Situational
C) Social
D) Family
E) Personal

F) A) and E)
G) B) and E)

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Your company is introducing a new line of activewear for teenagers and invites the members of the high school track team to a private showing of the line. This group consists of ________ for activewear clothing.


A) lifestyle makers
B) aspirational people
C) autonomous leaders
D) opinion leaders
E) joint decision makers

F) A) and C)
G) A) and E)

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Consumer behavior includes the actions a person takes in purchasing services and using products and services, including


A) the physical effort spent on these actions.
B) the financial limitations one must overcome to accomplish these actions.
C) the mental and social processes that come before and after these actions.
D) the emotional processes that occur during these actions.
E) the cognitive and attitudinal processes that must be learned to complete these actions.

F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

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