Question 1

When a segment of DNA duplicates,causing two copies of a gene to be present in the chromosome,the duplicate copy could possibly (Check all that apply)

Accepted Answer

A)  lose function due to mutation.
B)  become an ortholog.
C)  gain a new function due to mutation.
D)  become a pseudogene.
E)  become a centromere.F) C) and D)
G) A) and B)

Question 2

Choose the most influential contributing factor to the reduced sense of smell in humans compared with the other great apes.

Accepted Answer

A)  pseudogenes
B)  conservation of synteny
C)  aneuploidy
D)  one more chromosome in humans compared to the other great apes
E)  number of olfactory receptor (OR) genes present in the genomeF) C) and D)
G) D) and E)

Question 3

Using the sequencing results for genomes from each of the kingdoms,it is currently possible

Accepted Answer

A)  to explore genetic differences between species very directly,examining DNA changes.
B)  to build,from scratch,complex organisms with trans-kingdom genomes.
C)  to sequence and build,from scratch,simple organisms with trans-kingdom genomes.
D)  to design humans with a variety of inter-kingdom abilities built into their DNA.E) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

Question 4

Genes are found in the same order for large stretches of the X chromosome in the rat and mouse genomes,indicating

Accepted Answer

A)  occurrence of aneuploidy.
B)  formation of pseudogenes.
C)  conservation of synteny.
D)  conservation of neoteny.E) B) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 5

Many genes in the human genome are no longer expressed because mutations have introduced stop codons within the coding sequence or transposons have disrupted gene function.These genes are now considered

Accepted Answer

A)  pseudogenes.
B)  orthologs.
C)  paralogs.
D)  homologues.E) C) and D)
F) B) and D)

Question 6

Choose the true statements about the genomes of plants (especially Arabidopsis and rice) ,animals,and fungi.

Accepted Answer

A)  Plants,animals,and fungi share most of the same genes for intermediary metabolism,genome replication,and protein synthesis.
B)  "Plant" genes include those coding for photosynthetic pathways and morphology.
C)  Plants generally have smaller genomes than those of animals and fungi.
D)  Rice has fewer genes than humans.E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 7

Choose the true statements about the human and chimpanzee genomes.

Accepted Answer

A)  A comparison of genomes confirms that humans and chimpanzees are closely related species.
B)  Very few mutations differentiating the two genomes occur in coding DNA.
C)  Some insertion-deletions (indels) lead to loss of function changes in the two genomes.
D)  More similarity exists between the genomes of human and mouse than between human and chimpanzee.
E)  The estimated genome sizes and number of genes is very different in humans and chimpanzees.F) D) and E)
G) C) and D)

Question 8

Gene inactivation is likely to produce

Accepted Answer

A)  pseudogenes.
B)  orthologs.
C)  paralogs.
D)  homologues.
E)  horizontal gene transfer (HGT) .F) B) and D)
G) A) and B)

Question 9

Choose the true statements about pseudogenes.

Accepted Answer

A)  Premature stop codons can produce pseudogenes.
B)  Missense mutations can produce pseudogenes.
C)  Pseudogenes have DNA sequences very similar to a functional gene.
D)  Pseudogenes result from horizontal gene transfer.E) B) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 10

Which one of the following statements about horizontal gene transfer is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  Horizontal gene transfer is also called lateral gene transfer.
B)  Horizontal gene transfer involves hitchhiking genes from other species.
C)  Horizontal gene transfer was common early in life,but is absent today.
D)  Gene swapping is evident in the human genome.
E)  The products of horizontal gene transfer often exist as transposons.F) A) and E)
G) B) and D)

Question 11

Comparisons of human and mouse genomes reveals

Accepted Answer

A)  they have widely different numbers of genes,and share only a few more genes than humans and pufferfish.
B)  the differences between humans and mice are mainly the introns.
C)  they have very little in common.
D)  the genomes are very similar,with most of the genes unique to mice linked to size and shape.
E)  the genomes are very similar,with most of the genes unique to mice linked to smell and reproduction.F) B) and D)
G) B) and C)

Question 12

The types of human genes most likely to be duplicated,resulting in multiple copies,are

Accepted Answer

A)  genes controlling basic tissue development.
B)  immune system genes.
C)  genes for cell surface receptors.
D)  genes for controlling basic metabolism.E) C) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 13

The protein-coding gene sequences in humans and chimpanzees

Accepted Answer

A)  are vastly different.
B)  are about 50% alike.
C)  are about 80% alike.
D)  are more than 99% alike.
E)  are identical.F) B) and E)
G) B) and D)

Question 14

Recent research has suggested that some pseudogenes and non-protein-coding DNA code for RNAs that affect transcription of coding regions.This suggests that

Accepted Answer

A)  pseudogenes code for proteins.
B)  non-protein-coding DNA has no function.
C)  non-protein-coding DNA may regulate gene expression.
D)  pseudogenes have no function.E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Exam 24: Genome Evolution

When a segment of DNA duplicates,causing two copies of a gene to be present in the chromosome,the duplicate copy could possibly (Check all that apply)

Correct Answer
verified

Many genes in the human genome are no longer expressed because mutations have introduced stop codons within the coding sequence or transposons have disrupted gene function.These genes are now considered

Correct Answer
verified

Choose the true statements about the genomes of plants (especially Arabidopsis and rice) ,animals,and fungi.

Correct Answer
verified

Choose the true statements about pseudogenes.

Correct Answer
verified

Choose the true statements about the human and chimpanzee genomes.

Correct Answer
verified

Comparisons of human and mouse genomes reveals

Correct Answer
verified

Using the sequencing results for genomes from each of the kingdoms,it is currently possible

Correct Answer
verified

Gene inactivation is likely to produce

Correct Answer
verified

The types of human genes most likely to be duplicated,resulting in multiple copies,are

Correct Answer
verified

Which one of the following statements about horizontal gene transfer is false?

Correct Answer
verified

Choose the most influential contributing factor to the reduced sense of smell in humans compared with the other great apes.

Correct Answer
verified

Recent research has suggested that some pseudogenes and non-protein-coding DNA code for RNAs that affect transcription of coding regions.This suggests that

Correct Answer
verified

Genes are found in the same order for large stretches of the X chromosome in the rat and mouse genomes,indicating

Correct Answer
verified

The protein-coding gene sequences in humans and chimpanzees

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 24: Genome Evolution

When a segment of DNA duplicates,causing two copies of a gene to be present in the chromosome,the duplicate copy could possibly (Check all that apply)

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Many genes in the human genome are no longer expressed because mutations have introduced stop codons within the coding sequence or transposons have disrupted gene function.These genes are now considered

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Choose the true statements about the genomes of plants (especially Arabidopsis and rice) ,animals,and fungi.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Choose the true statements about pseudogenes.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Choose the true statements about the human and chimpanzee genomes.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Comparisons of human and mouse genomes reveals

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Using the sequencing results for genomes from each of the kingdoms,it is currently possible

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Gene inactivation is likely to produce

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The types of human genes most likely to be duplicated,resulting in multiple copies,are

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which one of the following statements about horizontal gene transfer is false?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Choose the most influential contributing factor to the reduced sense of smell in humans compared with the other great apes.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Recent research has suggested that some pseudogenes and non-protein-coding DNA code for RNAs that affect transcription of coding regions.This suggests that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Genes are found in the same order for large stretches of the X chromosome in the rat and mouse genomes,indicating

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The protein-coding gene sequences in humans and chimpanzees

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

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verified

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verified

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