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Exam 10: Motivating Employees

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Question 121

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Dr.Mo T.Vadar,a professor of psychology at a respected university,is planning a study of the factors that affect the motivation of employees.Dr.Vadar is concerned that the results of his experiments may be misleading because employees in an experimental group tend to behave differently when they know they are being studied.This concern shows that Dr.Vadar is aware of the:

A) Hawthorne effect.
B) Taylor effect.
C) potential confusion between Theory X and Theory Y.
D) Heisenberg principle.

E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

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Question 122

True/False

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Jerry has a great deal of faith in the abilities of his subordinates.He believes that most employees want to be productive,and will work hard if given the proper incentives.He also believes that most firms do not take full advantage of the intelligence and creativity of their employees.For these reasons Jerry favors a managerial style that allows employees to be flexible and creative in how they do their jobs,and empowers them to make and implement decisions.Jerry is a Theory Y-type manager.

A) True
B) False

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Question 123

Multiple Choice

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_________________ was the father of scientific management.

Reflecting upon the differences in Type J and Type A work environments,which of the following statements is fundamental to Type J:

Members of Generation X tend to be more independent and need less feedback than members of older generations.

As a group,Gen Yers tend to be impatient,skeptical and image driven.

Theory Z emphasizes reliance on individual creativity and initiative rather than collective decision-making.

As a human resources manager for your company,you are looking for ways to motivate employees to favor your company over competitors.The company cannot afford to offer a wide array of benefits,but you are confident that if you survey employees and provide them the opportunity to vote on the benefits that are most important to them,they will see this as a fair and equitable way to operate.

Ouchi's Theory Z is a blend of Type A and Type J business cultures.

According to McGregor,Theory X-type managers motivate employees by giving them a great deal of freedom and responsibility.

You are a graduate student in the Biology department at Fair University.You have several graduate student friends who have graduate appointments in the business department and the English department.While everyone's compensation and employee benefits are exactly the same,your department requires you to always show-up and tutor students at least four hours each day and to serve on one university committee each semester.Graduate students at the other departments are not required by their management to follow these rules.Lately,you are doing your best to limit your daily obligation to 2 ½ to 3 hours each day.Relating your situation to one of the theories we have studied,your goal of limiting inputs is explained by expectancy theory.

As the marketing manager for Chipper's Golf Resort,you hired interns from the local university to go out and sell your annual golf event.You provided each of three interns with their own list of past sponsors,participants,and prize contributors.You also asked each to create a marketing plan to secure five new sponsors in the next four weeks,and promised them a bonus at the end of the fourth week,if they could verify that they followed their own plan,contacted everyone on their list and also developed new sponsors.During the fourth week,you randomly contacted a few sponsors on each of the three lists and quickly learn that one of the interns had slacked-off on the job.As a motivational technique,you prefer to provide positive reinforcement.When you met with each of the three interns,you withheld the bonus from the one that did not do the job and informed him that his internship grade will reflect the fact that he was not motivated to get the job done.

Jill operates her own small business and is a strong advocate of equity theory.Because of her acceptance of this theory,Jill is likely to try to assure employees that they are compensated in a way that reflects their efforts and contributions relative to those of other employees.

Management by objectives MBO)is a goal setting theory model that sets goals by getting all employees active in the goal formulation process,committing employees to meeting the goals,and then monitoring performance.

Equity judgments are based on:

Which of the following is the best example of extinction as the term is used in reinforcement theory?

Theory Y managers would:

_________ theory is based on the idea that managers can use both rewards and punishments to motivate employee behavior.

As the marketing manager for Chipper's Golf Resort,you hired interns from the local university to go out and sell your annual golf event.You provided each of three interns with their own list of past sponsors,participants,and prize contributors.You also asked each to create their own marketing plan in order to secure five new sponsors in the next four weeks,and promised them a bonus at the end of the fourth week,if they could verify that they followed their own plan,contacted everyone on their list;and,developed five new sponsors.Essentially,each would have ownership in his/her success.During the fourth week,you randomly contacted a few sponsors on each of the three lists and quickly learn that one of the interns had slacked-off on the job.When you met with each of the three interns,you withheld the bonus from the one that did not do the job and informed him that his internship grade will reflect the fact that he was not motivated to get the job done.Which theory did you initially follow,and which theory did you utilize to assess the intern that did not perform his/her job?

According to equity theory,which of the following statements is most accurate?