Question 1

Tubular reabsorption and tubular secretion differ in that

Accepted Answer

A)  tubular secretion is a passive process; tubular reabsorption uses active transport.
B)  tubular secretion adds materials to the filtrate; tubular reabsorption removes materials from the filtrate.
C)  tubular reabsorption increases urine volume; tubular secretion decreases urine volume.
D)  tubular reabsorption occurs in Bowman's capsule; tubular secretion occurs in the peritubular capillary.
E)  tubular secretion moves materials from the filtrate into the blood; tubular reabsorption moves materials from the blood into the filtrate.F) A) and B)
G) C) and D)

Question 2

The renal corpuscle consists of

Accepted Answer

A)  the renal pelvis and the renal tubules.
B)  the glomerulus and Bowman's capsule.
C)  Bowman's capsule and the renal pelvis.
D)  the proximal convoluted tubule and the glomerulus.
E)  afferent and efferent arteriole.F) C) and D)
G) C) and E)

Question 3

Which of these vessels gives rise to the peritubular capillary?

Accepted Answer

A)  glomerulus
B)  arcuate artery
C)  efferent arteriole
D)  interlobular artery
E)  afferent arterioleF) B) and E)
G) B) and D)

Question 4

The active transport of substances into the filtrate is called tubular

Accepted Answer

A)  filtration.
B)  reabsorption.
C)  secretion.
D)  elimination.
E)  excretion.F) A) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 5

In glomerulonephritis,the permeability of the filtration membrane increases allowing proteins to cross the membrane.Which of the following would you expect to observe?

Accepted Answer

A)  increase in filtration volume
B)  anuria - no urine production
C)  necrosis of the renal corpuscle
D)  low protein levels in the filtrate
E)  no change in the filtrateF) B) and C)
G) B) and E)

Question 6

Arrange the following in correct order. (1) cotransport molecule binds to sodium and glucose
(2) establish sodium concentration gradient between tubular cells and tubular lumen
(3) sodium and glucose moved into tubular cell
(4) active transport of sodium from tubular cells to interstitial area

Accepted Answer

A)  2,1,3,4
B)  4,2,1,3
C)  1,3,4,2
D)  2,4,1,3
E)  1,2,3,4F) A) and E)
G) B) and E)

Question 7

Which of the following is NOT an action of angiotensin II?

Accepted Answer

A)  vasoconstriction of arterioles
B)  increases thirst
C)  increases ADH secretion
D)  decreases peripheral resistance
E)  increases aldosterone secretionF) A) and B)
G) All of the above

Question 8

Increased aldosterone causes increased

Accepted Answer

A)  urine volume.
B)  sodium secretion.
C)  potassium secretion.
D)  reabsorption of hydrogen ions.
E)  filtrate formation.F) B) and D)
G) All of the above

Question 9

The juxtaglomerular apparatus secretes

Accepted Answer

A)  renin.
B)  ADH.
C)  oxytocin.
D)  aldosterone.
E)  angiotensin.F) A) and C)
G) C) and D)

Question 10

The kidneys are located behind the ____________ membrane on the posterior side of the _______________ wall.

Accepted Answer

A)  peritoneal; abdominal
B)  peritoneal; pelvic
C)  renal; abdominal
D)  renal; pelvic
E)  pleural; pelvicF) B) and C)
G) C) and D)

Question 11

Decreased plasma clearance can indicate

Accepted Answer

A)  hypertension.
B)  renal failure.
C)  decreased ADH secretion.
D)  decreased aldosterone secretion.
E)  fluid balance.F) B) and D)
G) A) and D)

Question 12

All of the following are located in the renal cortex,except

Accepted Answer

A)  collecting ducts.
B)  renal corpuscles.
C)  proximal convoluted tubules.
D)  distal convoluted tubules.
E)  afferent arteriole.F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 13

By the time filtrate reaches the tip of the loop of Henle,_____ of the filtrate volume has been reabsorbed.

Accepted Answer

A)  65%
B)  75%
C)  80%
D)  95%
E)  100%F) A) and E)
G) A) and D)

Question 14

The juxtamedullary nephrons

Accepted Answer

A)  have long loops of Henle.
B)  are found next to the renal capsule.
C)  comprise 85% of all nephrons.
D)  have their renal corpuscles located in the medulla.
E)  have short loops of Henle.F) B) and E)
G) B) and C)

Question 15

The urinary bladder

Accepted Answer

A)  stores urine until it is voided.
B)  empties to the exterior via the ureters.
C)  contains a muscle called the trigone.
D)  is superior to the kidney.
E)  filters urine.F) A) and E)
G) C) and D)

Question 16

Skeletal muscle that surrounds the urethra as it extends through the pelvic floor forms the

Accepted Answer

A)  trigone.
B)  lamina propria.
C)  external urinary sphincter.
D)  internal urinary sphincter.
E)  involuntary portion of bladder control.F) A) and B)
G) B) and E)

Question 17

Decreased ADH levels results in a urine high in

Accepted Answer

A)  potassium.
B)  water content.
C)  glucose content.
D)  bicarbonate content.
E)  hydrogen ions.F) A) and C)
G) B) and E)

Question 18

Hydrogen ions are secreted into the filtrate by both the

Accepted Answer

A)  proximal and distal convoluted tubules.
B)  collecting duct and Bowman's capsule.
C)  loop of Henle and the distal convoluted tubule.
D)  proximal convoluted tubule and the loop of Henle.
E)  loop of Henle only.F) B) and D)
G) C) and D)

Question 19

The visceral layer of Bowman's capsule

Accepted Answer

A)  is part of the filtration membrane.
B)  is called endothelium.
C)  contains podocytes.
D)  is part of the filtration membrane and is called endothelium.
E)  is part of the filtration membrane and contains podocytes.F) None of the above
G) C) and D)

Question 20

When ADH binds to receptor sites on distal convoluted tubule cells,

Accepted Answer

A)  filtrate volume increases.
B)  filtrate osmolality decreases.
C)  potassium is secreted from the cells.
D)  the distal convoluted tubule is less permeable to water.
E)  the distal convoluted tubule is more permeable to water.F) A) and E)
G) B) and E)

Exam 26: Urinary System

Tubular reabsorption and tubular secretion differ in that

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The juxtamedullary nephrons

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The urinary bladder

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In glomerulonephritis,the permeability of the filtration membrane increases allowing proteins to cross the membrane.Which of the following would you expect to observe?

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When ADH binds to receptor sites on distal convoluted tubule cells,

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Skeletal muscle that surrounds the urethra as it extends through the pelvic floor forms the

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Decreased ADH levels results in a urine high in

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Which of the following is NOT an action of angiotensin II?

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By the time filtrate reaches the tip of the loop of Henle,_____ of the filtrate volume has been reabsorbed.

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Arrange the following in correct order. (1) cotransport molecule binds to sodium and glucose (2) establish sodium concentration gradient between tubular cells and tubular lumen (3) sodium and glucose moved into tubular cell (4) active transport of sodium from tubular cells to interstitial area

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The visceral layer of Bowman's capsule

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The juxtaglomerular apparatus secretes

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Hydrogen ions are secreted into the filtrate by both the

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Which of these vessels gives rise to the peritubular capillary?

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Increased aldosterone causes increased

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The renal corpuscle consists of

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The active transport of substances into the filtrate is called tubular

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The kidneys are located behind the ____________ membrane on the posterior side of the _______________ wall.

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All of the following are located in the renal cortex,except

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Decreased plasma clearance can indicate

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The kidneys are located behind the membrane on the posterior side of the ___ wall.

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