Question 1

How do the lymphatic and immune systems contribute to osteoporosis?

Accepted Answer

A)   Lack of exposure to sunlight reduces vitamin D production and decreases calcium absorption.
B)   Immune cells resist infections and release chemicals that promote tissue repair.
C)   Excessive smoking lowers estrogen levels, which increases bone loss.
D)   Calcium ions released from the bones are excreted.
E)   Decreased estrogen levels following menopause contribute to the disease.F) B) and C)
G) A) and E)

Question 2

Thin sheets of bone matrix are

Accepted Answer

A)   lamellae.
B)   lacunae.
C)   canaliculi.
D)   periosteum.
E)   trabeculae.F) C) and D)
G) A) and B)

Question 3

The remodeling of bone tissue is a function of

Accepted Answer

A)   osteoblast and osteoclast activity.
B)   osteoclast and osteocyte activity.
C)   chondroblast and osteoclast activity.
D)   chondrocyte and osteocyte activity.
E)   fibroblast and chondroblast activity.F) None of the above
G) D) and E)

Question 4

-This figure illustrates bone growth in length at the Epiphyseal Plate. What is zone "E"?

Accepted Answer

A)   bone of diaphysis
B)   zone of calcification
C)   zone of hypertrophy
D)   zone of proliferation
E)   zone of resting cartilageF) A) and E)
G) C) and D)

Question 5

What chemical stimulates interstitial cartilage and appositional bone growth?

Accepted Answer

A)   growth hormone
B)   sex hormones
C)   parathyroid hormone
D)   calcitonin
E)   vitamin DF) A) and C)
G) A) and B)

Question 6

Some flat and irregular bones of the skull have air-filled spaces called

Accepted Answer

A)   epiphyseal spaces.
B)   medullary cavities.
C)   lacunae.
D)   sinuses.
E)   trabeculae.F) B) and E)
G) A) and C)

Question 7

Canaliculi are found in this type of bone tissue.

Accepted Answer

A)   spongy bone
B)   compact bone
C)   both spongy and compactD) A) and B)
E) A) and C)

Question 8

In which type of bone are osteoblasts and osteoclasts present?

Accepted Answer

A)   spongy bone
B)   compact bone
C)   both spongy and compactD) All of the above
E) A) and B)

Question 9

The sequence of events that produces growth at the epiphyseal plate is

Accepted Answer

A)   hypertrophy, proliferation, calcification, ossification, and remodeling.
B)   proliferation, hypertrophy, cell death, calcification, ossification, and remodeling.
C)   hypertrophy, calcification, proliferation, cell death, ossification, and remodeling.
D)   calcification, hypertrophy, proliferation, ossification, cell death, and remodeling.
E)   proliferation, hypertrophy, calcification, cell death, ossification, and remodeling.F) A) and C)
G) A) and E)

Question 10

Appositional growth deposits a new layer of bone

Accepted Answer

A)   on the surface of the bone.
B)   in the epiphyseal plate of long bones.
C)   in the secondary ossification center of the epiphyses.
D)   in interstitial areas.
E)   on cancellous, but not compact bone.F) C) and D)
G) B) and C)

Question 11

Collagen and calcium hydroxyapatite are the primary constituents of

Accepted Answer

A)   bone matrix.
B)   hyaline cartilage.
C)   fibrous cartilage.
D)   ligaments.
E)   blood.F) A) and B)
G) A) and E)

Question 12

Bone growth at the articular cartilage is responsible for bone growth of

Accepted Answer

A)   short bones.
B)   long bones.
C)   flat bones.
D)   irregular bones.
E)   only the cartilage.F) D) and E)
G) B) and E)

Question 13

What is the site of longitudinal growth in long bones?

Accepted Answer

A)   epiphysis
B)   Sharpey's fibers
C)   epiphyseal plate
D)   medullary cavity
E)   endosteumF) B) and C)
G) C) and E)

Question 14

How does the digestive system contribute to osteoporosis?

Accepted Answer

A)   inadequate amounts of calcium and vitamin D in the diet
B)   lack of exercise reduces muscle stress on bone
C)   pain following injury helps prevent further injury
D)   blood clotting starts repair process
E)   calcitonin is used to treat osteoporosisF) A) and B)
G) None of the above

Question 15

A boy grew rapidly and reached a height of 6'2" by the time he was 13. He had normal body proportions and sexual development was only slightly retarded. Which of the following caused his condition?

Accepted Answer

A)   an adrenal tumor that secretes androgens
B)   hypersecretion of testosterone
C)   elevated vitamin D synthesis
D)   hypersecretion of growth hormone
E)   hyposecretion of growth hormoneF) B) and D)
G) None of the above

Question 16

-This is a diagram of calcium homeostasis. What process is represented by "A"?

Accepted Answer

A)   PTH promotes calcium release into blood by osteoclast.
B)   Calcium is removed from blood by osteoblasts.
C)   Vitamin D promotes calcium absorption.
D)   Calcium is lost in urine.
E)   PTH promotes calcium reabsorption from urine.F) A) and D)
G) B) and D)

Question 17

If an X-ray shows a black area in the region of the epiphyseal plate,

Accepted Answer

A)   the bone is fractured.
B)   growth of the bone is complete.
C)   marrow is forming in the cancellous bone.
D)   the epiphyseal plate has not completely ossified.
E)   the cartilage is absent.F) None of the above
G) B) and C)

Question 18

The type of cartilage associated with bone function and development is

Accepted Answer

A)   elastic cartilage.
B)   fibrocartilage.
C)   hyaline cartilage.
D)   interstitial cartilage.
E)   osteocartilage.F) B) and C)
G) C) and D)

Question 19

Which type of bone cells have ruffled borders and secrete acids?

Accepted Answer

A)   osteochondral progenitor cell
B)   osteoblasts
C)   osteocytes
D)   osteoclastsE) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 20

The primary function of osteoblasts is to

Accepted Answer

A)   prevent osteocytes from forming.
B)   resorb bone along the epiphyseal plate.
C)   inhibit the growth of bone.
D)   stimulate bone growth.
E)   lay down bone matrix.F) B) and E)
G) C) and E)

Exam 6: Skeletal System: Bones and Bone Tissue

How does the digestive system contribute to osteoporosis?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Bone growth at the articular cartilage is responsible for bone growth of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If an X-ray shows a black area in the region of the epiphyseal plate,

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In which type of bone are osteoblasts and osteoclasts present?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Some flat and irregular bones of the skull have air-filled spaces called

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What chemical stimulates interstitial cartilage and appositional bone growth?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A boy grew rapidly and reached a height of 6'2" by the time he was 13. He had normal body proportions and sexual development was only slightly retarded. Which of the following caused his condition?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Thin sheets of bone matrix are

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which type of bone cells have ruffled borders and secrete acids?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The remodeling of bone tissue is a function of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The sequence of events that produces growth at the epiphyseal plate is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

How do the lymphatic and immune systems contribute to osteoporosis?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The primary function of osteoblasts is to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is the site of longitudinal growth in long bones?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Appositional growth deposits a new layer of bone

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Collagen and calcium hydroxyapatite are the primary constituents of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

-This figure illustrates bone growth in length at the Epiphyseal Plate. What is zone "E"?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Canaliculi are found in this type of bone tissue.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The type of cartilage associated with bone function and development is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

-This is a diagram of calcium homeostasis. What process is represented by "A"?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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